There we go , this will be my second part of how to configure QoS for Tomato Firmware (Yeah – it took a long time for me to write this article) . You may want to read my first part before proceeding to the second part here. Anyway , I’ve explained couple of things last time , which includes the basics of Qos and how to configure the bandwidth allocation and stuff like that. Once again I recommend you to read the first part before proceeding to the second part. If you’re feeling a bit adventurous (or if you’re lazy to read the whole guide) , then continue on to read. Anyway let us get started shall we (Click on read more to get started)
First and foremost , make sure you have configured the basic QoS Configuration as suggested in my first part of the QoS Guide. Once you have done that , make sure that QoS is disabled. This is important as we do not wish to intrerput our Internet connection while configuring the whole thing (Trust me , if you enable Qos while your room mates/family members are surfing the Internet or playing on line games – You’ll feel remorse and they’ll get on your nerves). Anyway , take look at the screenshot that I’ve posted below
If you notice that I have left the default configuration as it is , we don’t really want to mess with the basic settings. Leave it as it is , however you may want to delete the last rule which is Bulk Traffic rule. This is where we will configure it manually. Anyhow , before I teach the tricks of trade on how to configure your router. Lets take a look at the terminology , I’m sure you are interested to know what is Layer 7. Here we go :-
Layer 7– “L7-filter is a classifier for Linux’s Netfilter that identifies packets based on application layer data. It can classify packets as Kazaa, HTTP, Jabber, Citrix, Bittorrent, FTP, Gnucleus, eDonkey2000, etc., regardless of port. It complements existing classifiers that match on IP address, port numbers and so on.”. In other words it can automatically classify packets regardless of port. this is much more efficent way of blocking p2p traffic and/or controlling other applications such as games. However there is a catch , Layer 7 is very CPU-intensive and slow. This may stress your router and may cause slow-downs – Just keep that in mind
IPP2P – “IPP2P uses suitable search patterns to identify P2P traffic thus allowing the reliable identifcation of traffic belonging to many P2P networks. Once identified one may handle P2P traffic in different ways – dropping such traffic, putting into low priority classes or shaping to a given bandwidth limit is possible. Reducing costs, freeing network ressources and therefore improving network performance is often the result of using IPP2P”. In other words its a filters p2p traffic and it identifies. This is how some ISPs throttle P2P , although its not efficient as p2p clients these days have encryption , it can still throttle most of the p2p connections , which is still great ! – But it isn’t that great and once again this isn’t the best solution as bit torrent clients can easily bypass these filters by turning on Packet encryption !
TCP/UDP and other forms of Protocol – You wouldn’t want to mess with the rest of the protocols that they are there unless you know what you’re doing. Usually you’ll use this kind of filter to play or prioritise gaming packets or VOIP applications. Just specify which port it requires and you’ll have its data prioritised or reduced (depending on how you set it). This isn’t our primary concern and there is no further explanation for this , unless you want to study how TCP/UDP works – which is again way too complicated for me to explain and for you to understand. For now , that should do the trick
Port Selection – This is the fun part , you can choose to throttle the data on all ports (source port or destination port). You can usaully set it to which port or better yet block any port when you’re using IPP2P Filter or Layer 7. This i will leave it up to you. However , keep in mind that you’re going to add some load to the router if your port selection is any port and you’re using Layer 7. Thats just my tip
Address – This is where you specify who gets what slice of the bread. Suppose if you want to throttle your room mates’ (its just an example aka figure of speech) Bit Torrent connection as he is hogging everything. You may just filter it via IP. However , if your room mate is smart , he can manually assign IP in his PC and bypass that filter. I know you’ll be yelling – but don’t worry you can classify traffic via MAC Address. Although its possible to change MAC Address , only those who know what they are doing will know how to bypass and edit it. At times for certain NIC and WNIC (Wireless/WiFi Cards) its not possible to change the MAC Address.
Classification – As have been thought in Lesson I , this is where you apply it. You classify it to your own class which one to do you think it is priroity traffic , bulk traffic , etc. Just select the propriate class for the propriate program !
Here are some tips , make sure VOIP Applications (such as Skype) or demanding applications (Counter Strike and FPS games , and even World of Warcraft/Warcraft III (DOTA) ), gets the highest pirority traffic otherwise your your calls will cut or the quality will be degraded. Make sure critical applications do get the highest priority of traffic
You’ll have to do some trial and errors before you’re able to get full control of your traffic. QoS does take a look of effort , especially when you’re new. You’ll have to keep changing profiles till you get the shape of the traffic that you want (yeah , its just like losing weight and looking hawt). Dont forget to put a check on Re-classify all packets when changing settings , which can be found under Basic Settings (QoS), This is important especially when you’re testing your rules and other things. Plus , Its very hard to say on how efficent is your QoS. You’ll have to test it by stimulating traffic and monitoring it. It takes a bit of pratice and once you get the hang of it , it will be a easy as a pie ! – In my next lesson , we will be doing more in-depth analysis on certain cases , and how to counter attack certain cases and what are the disadvantages of QoS and of course ways to overcome it !
First and foremost , make sure you have configured the basic QoS Configuration as suggested in my first part of the QoS Guide. Once you have done that , make sure that QoS is disabled. This is important as we do not wish to intrerput our Internet connection while configuring the whole thing (Trust me , if you enable Qos while your room mates/family members are surfing the Internet or playing on line games – You’ll feel remorse and they’ll get on your nerves). Anyway , take look at the screenshot that I’ve posted below
If you notice that I have left the default configuration as it is , we don’t really want to mess with the basic settings. Leave it as it is , however you may want to delete the last rule which is Bulk Traffic rule. This is where we will configure it manually. Anyhow , before I teach the tricks of trade on how to configure your router. Lets take a look at the terminology , I’m sure you are interested to know what is Layer 7. Here we go :-
Layer 7– “L7-filter is a classifier for Linux’s Netfilter that identifies packets based on application layer data. It can classify packets as Kazaa, HTTP, Jabber, Citrix, Bittorrent, FTP, Gnucleus, eDonkey2000, etc., regardless of port. It complements existing classifiers that match on IP address, port numbers and so on.”. In other words it can automatically classify packets regardless of port. this is much more efficent way of blocking p2p traffic and/or controlling other applications such as games. However there is a catch , Layer 7 is very CPU-intensive and slow. This may stress your router and may cause slow-downs – Just keep that in mind
IPP2P – “IPP2P uses suitable search patterns to identify P2P traffic thus allowing the reliable identifcation of traffic belonging to many P2P networks. Once identified one may handle P2P traffic in different ways – dropping such traffic, putting into low priority classes or shaping to a given bandwidth limit is possible. Reducing costs, freeing network ressources and therefore improving network performance is often the result of using IPP2P”. In other words its a filters p2p traffic and it identifies. This is how some ISPs throttle P2P , although its not efficient as p2p clients these days have encryption , it can still throttle most of the p2p connections , which is still great ! – But it isn’t that great and once again this isn’t the best solution as bit torrent clients can easily bypass these filters by turning on Packet encryption !
TCP/UDP and other forms of Protocol – You wouldn’t want to mess with the rest of the protocols that they are there unless you know what you’re doing. Usually you’ll use this kind of filter to play or prioritise gaming packets or VOIP applications. Just specify which port it requires and you’ll have its data prioritised or reduced (depending on how you set it). This isn’t our primary concern and there is no further explanation for this , unless you want to study how TCP/UDP works – which is again way too complicated for me to explain and for you to understand. For now , that should do the trick
Port Selection – This is the fun part , you can choose to throttle the data on all ports (source port or destination port). You can usaully set it to which port or better yet block any port when you’re using IPP2P Filter or Layer 7. This i will leave it up to you. However , keep in mind that you’re going to add some load to the router if your port selection is any port and you’re using Layer 7. Thats just my tip
Address – This is where you specify who gets what slice of the bread. Suppose if you want to throttle your room mates’ (its just an example aka figure of speech) Bit Torrent connection as he is hogging everything. You may just filter it via IP. However , if your room mate is smart , he can manually assign IP in his PC and bypass that filter. I know you’ll be yelling – but don’t worry you can classify traffic via MAC Address. Although its possible to change MAC Address , only those who know what they are doing will know how to bypass and edit it. At times for certain NIC and WNIC (Wireless/WiFi Cards) its not possible to change the MAC Address.
Classification – As have been thought in Lesson I , this is where you apply it. You classify it to your own class which one to do you think it is priroity traffic , bulk traffic , etc. Just select the propriate class for the propriate program !
Here are some tips , make sure VOIP Applications (such as Skype) or demanding applications (Counter Strike and FPS games , and even World of Warcraft/Warcraft III (DOTA) ), gets the highest pirority traffic otherwise your your calls will cut or the quality will be degraded. Make sure critical applications do get the highest priority of traffic
You’ll have to do some trial and errors before you’re able to get full control of your traffic. QoS does take a look of effort , especially when you’re new. You’ll have to keep changing profiles till you get the shape of the traffic that you want (yeah , its just like losing weight and looking hawt). Dont forget to put a check on Re-classify all packets when changing settings , which can be found under Basic Settings (QoS), This is important especially when you’re testing your rules and other things. Plus , Its very hard to say on how efficent is your QoS. You’ll have to test it by stimulating traffic and monitoring it. It takes a bit of pratice and once you get the hang of it , it will be a easy as a pie ! – In my next lesson , we will be doing more in-depth analysis on certain cases , and how to counter attack certain cases and what are the disadvantages of QoS and of course ways to overcome it !
Tomato Qos Guide Osrs
![Qos Qos](/uploads/1/2/6/3/126346548/434735837.jpg)
![Tomato qos guide app Tomato qos guide app](/uploads/1/2/6/3/126346548/206843482.jpg)
Tomato Qos Guidelines
This is just another basic tutorial by me to teach most of you guys on how to QoS properly. This is the first part. I’ll try to split it into several parts first. Of course if you want to write something good you can’t do it within a day or two. It takes time , especially the explanation part. I believe it would be wiser to explain how things work rather then just showing it to you. This way you’ll appreciate how it works totally and what you can do ! . If you are looking for software solution there is another entry that i’ve blogged about software QoS Solution . Psst , read more on how to configure the thingy , its a lengthy post so it would be better for me to stop it here and then you continue to read if you want to learn more about it !
Shall we get started – Okay here goes nothing. First and foremost , there are several assumptions that has been made . I’ve assumed (no I am not making an ass out of you and me) that you are using a router which supports Tomato firmware with victek addon , your router IP Address is (http://192.168.1.1) and you aren’t in a double NAT situation (i.e whereby your ISP assigns you a private IP Address rather then public IP address – double NAT causes more problem and its not recommended to do QoS on double NAT situations). For this case I’m not going in detail , I am just going to touch the surface first then I’ll get into details. This isn’t complete , I’ll post up once I’ve done writing for Part 2 and Part 3
Firstly go to the Qos settings in your router configuration (http://192.168.1.1/qos-settings.asp ). Now you should see something like that I’ve posted below
The First check-box we have is Enable Qos. Obviously you’ll have to enable that otherwise QoS wouldn’t even work. Next up we have the abilitly to prioritise small traffic with some control flags. these control flags are part of the TCP packet structure (i.e how packets being sent across , etc). I wouldn’t go into in details on this as its a very complex subject. However I’ll try my best to translate it for you in simple English so that you’ll understand. For now just leave it as it is , we aren’t going to tweak any further , however for gamers ,by tweaking it with the right settings you may keep your latency stable while running peer-2-peer applications. Next up we have the Prioritize ICMP , what it does basically itprioritises ICMP requests , which is mainly ping requests. It is recommended to turn it off unless you’re running a game server whereby its important to maintain low level of ping for gamers to determine the latency , otherwise gamers might be pissed off and they will not play in your server saying that its laggy. By doing this , you are ensuring that ping requests will be the highest priority ! . Next up is we have “Re-classify all packets when changing settings” , what this does is basically reclassifies all the packets when you are changing settings , instead of you doing it manually the system does it for (nifty isn’t it) , but do keep in your mind friend that it adds load to the router which may cause it to slow down. I wouldn’t recommend you to tick it unless you’re lazy (like me , then by all means do it ) . So there we go , that wasn’t hard was it ?. Oh you may be wondering what is ACK , it stands for Acknowledgment packets , by setting that you’re actually prioritising acknowledgement packets. Still doesn’t make sense – Don’t worry I’ll explain in the next tutorial class !
Next up , we have to fill up on our upload and download information. This is the fun part (yeah the fun begins here) , Â now you’ll have to do couple of speed tests to determine your actual download speed. Go to speedtest and then run couple of tests from the recommended test server to determine your local link. It will show how fast your Internet connection can go. Run a couple of tests (2-3 tests) then average it out. That will be your maximum downlink and uplink speed. Alternatively , you may just make an assumption by setting your upload speed and download speed to 75% of your subscribed speed. The key here is to put a desirablevalue for upload , that is the most crucial part of QoS , otherwise you wouldn’t get the true power of the Sith! I mean Qos , that was a close part. Just make sure that you set your upload speed correctly. Next up we will have to assign the class speed , its recommended to leave it as it is , if you are the adventurous type then you may want to set your own value. This goes the same for download , it depends on your need – (how many users you are sharing with , your Internet connection speed , are there any users who would require bandwidth for gaming , VOIP applications , p2p applications ?). You should ask these questions yourself and get the answer so that you can fill it with the correct percentage of bandwidth allocation for each class. It takes a bit of trial and error
Anyhow there we go , untill then
I’ve Just updated , you can read part two here , by clicking this URL
Shall we get started – Okay here goes nothing. First and foremost , there are several assumptions that has been made . I’ve assumed (no I am not making an ass out of you and me) that you are using a router which supports Tomato firmware with victek addon , your router IP Address is (http://192.168.1.1) and you aren’t in a double NAT situation (i.e whereby your ISP assigns you a private IP Address rather then public IP address – double NAT causes more problem and its not recommended to do QoS on double NAT situations). For this case I’m not going in detail , I am just going to touch the surface first then I’ll get into details. This isn’t complete , I’ll post up once I’ve done writing for Part 2 and Part 3
Firstly go to the Qos settings in your router configuration (http://192.168.1.1/qos-settings.asp ). Now you should see something like that I’ve posted below
The First check-box we have is Enable Qos. Obviously you’ll have to enable that otherwise QoS wouldn’t even work. Next up we have the abilitly to prioritise small traffic with some control flags. these control flags are part of the TCP packet structure (i.e how packets being sent across , etc). I wouldn’t go into in details on this as its a very complex subject. However I’ll try my best to translate it for you in simple English so that you’ll understand. For now just leave it as it is , we aren’t going to tweak any further , however for gamers ,by tweaking it with the right settings you may keep your latency stable while running peer-2-peer applications. Next up we have the Prioritize ICMP , what it does basically itprioritises ICMP requests , which is mainly ping requests. It is recommended to turn it off unless you’re running a game server whereby its important to maintain low level of ping for gamers to determine the latency , otherwise gamers might be pissed off and they will not play in your server saying that its laggy. By doing this , you are ensuring that ping requests will be the highest priority ! . Next up is we have “Re-classify all packets when changing settings” , what this does is basically reclassifies all the packets when you are changing settings , instead of you doing it manually the system does it for (nifty isn’t it) , but do keep in your mind friend that it adds load to the router which may cause it to slow down. I wouldn’t recommend you to tick it unless you’re lazy (like me , then by all means do it ) . So there we go , that wasn’t hard was it ?. Oh you may be wondering what is ACK , it stands for Acknowledgment packets , by setting that you’re actually prioritising acknowledgement packets. Still doesn’t make sense – Don’t worry I’ll explain in the next tutorial class !
Next up , we have to fill up on our upload and download information. This is the fun part (yeah the fun begins here) , Â now you’ll have to do couple of speed tests to determine your actual download speed. Go to speedtest and then run couple of tests from the recommended test server to determine your local link. It will show how fast your Internet connection can go. Run a couple of tests (2-3 tests) then average it out. That will be your maximum downlink and uplink speed. Alternatively , you may just make an assumption by setting your upload speed and download speed to 75% of your subscribed speed. The key here is to put a desirablevalue for upload , that is the most crucial part of QoS , otherwise you wouldn’t get the true power of the Sith! I mean Qos , that was a close part. Just make sure that you set your upload speed correctly. Next up we will have to assign the class speed , its recommended to leave it as it is , if you are the adventurous type then you may want to set your own value. This goes the same for download , it depends on your need – (how many users you are sharing with , your Internet connection speed , are there any users who would require bandwidth for gaming , VOIP applications , p2p applications ?). You should ask these questions yourself and get the answer so that you can fill it with the correct percentage of bandwidth allocation for each class. It takes a bit of trial and error
Anyhow there we go , untill then
I’ve Just updated , you can read part two here , by clicking this URL
Tomato Qos Guide App
This is just another basic tutorial by me to teach most of you guys on how to QoS properly. This is the first part. I’ll try to split it into several parts first. Of course if you want to write something good you can’t do it within a day or two. Tomato QoS Two excellent open source firmware loads that can be installed on some models of low priced routers, most notably some wireless Linksys WRT54G versions (as well as some other manufacturers), will produce a router that performs like routers that would cost 4 times as much and be an excellent choice for VoIP installations. Tomato is a small, lean, open source alternative firmware for Broadcom-based routers. It features a new user-friendly GUI, a new bandwidth usage monitor, more advanced QOS and access restrictions, new wireless features such as WDS and wireless client modes, a higher P2P maximum connections limit, the ability to run custom scripts, connect via telnet/ssh, reprogram the SES/AOSS. The Quality of Service (QoS) settings on your router enable it to give priority to real time voice traffic over lower priority data traffic, such as large downloads.